Williamicyathus

Williamicyathus A. ZHURAVLEV, 1987

Specimen-type: Syringocnema colvillensis holotype, GREGGS, 1959, pl. 13, fig. 6

Systematics:
Order: ARCHAEOCYATHIDA Okulitch, 1935
Suborder: SYRINGOCNEMINA Okulitch, 1935
Superfamily: SYRINGOCNEMOIDEA Taylor, 1910
Family: SYRINGOCNEMIDAE Taylor, 1910

Williamicyathus Williamicyathus colvillensis (GREGGS) holotype GSC 14317 Botoman, Colville, Washington, USA Transverse section (GREGGS, 1959)

Williamicyathus Williamicyathus colvillensis (GREGGS) holotype GSC 14317 Botoman, Colville, Washington, USA Transverse section (by M. DEBRENNE)

Williamicyathus Williamicyathus colvillensis (GREGGS) specimen GSC 90169 Botoman, Mackenzie Mountains, Canada Transverse section (VORONOVA & others, 1987).

Williamicyathus Williamicyathus colvillensis (GREGGS) specimen GSC 90170 Botoman, Mackenzie Mountains, Canada Oblique transverse section (VORONOVA & others, 1987).

Outer wall

• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Subdivided
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Pores grouped into clusters
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Irregular

Inner wall

• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Stipules : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (IW) : Simple
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (IW) : 1
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Bracts ; Scales ; Annuli
• Localisation of carcass bracts (IW) : Bract arises on inner wall
• Relationship between carcass annuli and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : Planar ; Fused
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)

Intervallum

• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Section of intervallar cells : Hexagonal
• Porosity of intervallar cells : One row of pores per facet ; Several rows of pores per facet
• Repartition of intervallar cells pores : Different numbers of rows per facet
• Tabulae : none

Others informations

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Thorny corolla : None
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None
• Stratigraphical extension : Botoman
• Botoman : 1 ; 2
• Geographical repartition : Canada ; USA

Systematic

• Orders : Archaeocyathida
• Suborders inside the Archaeocyathida : Syringocnemina
• Superfamillies inside the Syringocnemina : Syringocnemoidea
• Famillies inside the Syringocnemina : Syringocnemidae

External view

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Bracts ; Scales ; Annuli
• Localisation of carcass bracts (IW) : Bract arises on inner wall
• Relationship between carcass annuli and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : Planar ; Fused
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Irregular
• Thorny corolla : None

Transverse section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Longitudinal section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Bracts ; Scales ; Annuli
• Localisation of carcass bracts (IW) : Bract arises on inner wall
• Relationship between carcass annuli and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : Planar ; Fused
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Oblique section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (IW) : 1
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Tangential section

• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Subdivided
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Pores grouped into clusters
• Type of carcass pores (IW) : Simple
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Irregular
• Thorny corolla : None
• Section of intervallar cells : Hexagonal
• Porosity of intervallar cells : One row of pores per facet ; Several rows of pores per facet
• Repartition of intervallar cells pores : Different numbers of rows per facet