Veronicacyathus

Veronicacyathus DEBRENNE, 1973

Specimen-type: Veronicacyathus frondeus holotype, DEBRENNE, 1973, pl. 2, fig. 4-5, pl. 3, fig. 1, pl. 4, fig. 8

Systematics:
Order: AJACICYATHIDA R. Bedford& J. Bedford, 1939
Suborder: ERISMACOSCININA Debrenne, Rozanov& A. Zhuravlev, 1989
Superfamily: POLYCOSCINOIDEA Debrenne, 1964
Family: VERONICACYATHIDAE Debrenne, A. Zhuravlev& Kruse, 2002

Veronicacyathus Veronicacyathus tatei (ETHERIDGE) lectotype SAM T1245 Botoman, Horse Gully, Ardrossan, Australia Transverse section (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002)

Veronicacyathus Veronicacyathus tatei (ETHERIDGE) lectotype SAM T1245 Botoman, Horse Gully, Ardrossan, Australia Longitudinal section (outer wall to left) (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002)

Outer wall

• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Simple
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Straight rows of pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Additional sheath : Present on inner wall ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Microporous sheath
• Type of microporous sheath (OW/SW) : Attached
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Regular

Inner wall

• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Stipules : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Canals
• Constitution of carcass canal system (IW) : 1 zone
• Shape of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Straight
• Porosity of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Non-porous
• Relationship between carcass canals zone A and intersept (IW) : Several rows of canals per intersept
• Direction of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Upwardly opening ; Horizontal opening
  (horizontal to upwardly opening)
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present ; None (external plates and/or inner wall)
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Spines
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : ?
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : ?
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : Present on inner wall ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (IW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on secondary sheath (IW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of sieve (IW) : Radial protrusions forming screen
• Repartition of micropores (IW) : ?

Intervallum

• Vertical intervallar structures : Present
• Type of vertical intervallar structures : Septa
• Repartition of vertical intervallar structures pores : Aporous ; Sparsely porous
• Porosity of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Finely porous
• Pores of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Circular pores
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : None
• Intervallar cells : None
• Tabulae : Present
• Building of tabulae : Independent from walls
• Porosity of tabulae : Simple pores

Others informations

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions ; Catenulate
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Thorny corolla : None
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None
• Stratigraphical extension : Atdabanian ; Botoman
• Atdabanian : 4
• Botoman : 1 ; 2 ; 3
• Geographical repartition : Antarctica ; Australia

Systematic

• Orders : Ajacicyathida
• Suborders inside the Ajacicyathida : Erismacoscinina
• Superfamillies inside the Erismacoscinina : Polycoscinoidea
• Famillies inside the Erismacoscinina : Veronicacyathidae

External view

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions ; Catenulate
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present ; None (external plates and/or inner wall)
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Spines
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : ?
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : ?
• Additional sheath : Present on inner wall ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (IW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on secondary sheath (IW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of sieve (IW) : Radial protrusions forming screen
• Repartition of micropores (IW) : ?
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Microporous sheath
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Regular
• Thorny corolla : None

Transverse section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Canals
• Relationship between carcass canals zone A and intersept (IW) : Several rows of canals per intersept
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present ; None (external plates and/or inner wall)
• Additional sheath : Present on inner wall ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (IW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : Present
• Type of vertical intervallar structures : Septa
• Repartition of vertical intervallar structures pores : Aporous ; Sparsely porous
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : None
• Intervallar cells : None
• Tabulae : Present
• Porosity of tabulae : Simple pores
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Longitudinal section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions ; Catenulate
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Canals
• Constitution of carcass canal system (IW) : 1 zone
• Shape of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Straight
• Porosity of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Non-porous
• Direction of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Upwardly opening ; Horizontal opening
  (horizontal to upwardly opening)
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present ; None (external plates and/or inner wall)
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Spines
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : ?
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : ?
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : Present on inner wall ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (IW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on secondary sheath (IW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Microporous sheath
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : Present
• Type of vertical intervallar structures : Septa
• Repartition of vertical intervallar structures pores : Aporous ; Sparsely porous
• Porosity of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Finely porous
• Pores of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Circular pores
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : None
• Intervallar cells : None
• Tabulae : Present
• Building of tabulae : Independent from walls
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Oblique section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Canals
• Constitution of carcass canal system (IW) : 1 zone
• Shape of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Straight
• Porosity of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Non-porous
• Relationship between carcass canals zone A and intersept (IW) : Several rows of canals per intersept
• Direction of carcass canals zone A (IW) : Upwardly opening ; Horizontal opening
  (horizontal to upwardly opening)
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present ; None (external plates and/or inner wall)
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : Present on inner wall ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (IW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on secondary sheath (IW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of sieve (IW) : Radial protrusions forming screen
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Microporous sheath
• Type of microporous sheath (OW/SW) : Attached
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : Present
• Type of vertical intervallar structures : Septa
• Repartition of vertical intervallar structures pores : Aporous ; Sparsely porous
• Porosity of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Finely porous
• Pores of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Circular pores
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : None
• Intervallar cells : None
• Tabulae : Present
• Building of tabulae : Independent from walls
• Porosity of tabulae : Simple pores
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Tangential section

• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Simple
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Straight rows of pores
• Repartition of bracts on secondary sheath (IW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of sieve (IW) : Radial protrusions forming screen
• Repartition of micropores (IW) : ?
• Type of microporous sheath (OW/SW) : Attached
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Regular
• Thorny corolla : None
• Repartition of vertical intervallar structures pores : Aporous ; Sparsely porous
• Porosity of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Finely porous
• Pores of vertical intervallar structures : Aporous ; Circular pores
• Porosity of tabulae : Simple pores