Syringocnema

Syringocnema TAYLOR, 1910

Specimen-type: Syringocnema favum holotype, TAYLOR, 1910, pl. 14, photos 78-79

Systematics:
Order: ARCHAEOCYATHIDA Okulitch, 1935
Suborder: SYRINGOCNEMINA Okulitch, 1935
Superfamily: SYRINGOCNEMOIDEA Taylor, 1910
Family: SYRINGOCNEMIDAE Taylor, 1910

Syringocnema Syringocnema favum TAYLOR holotype SAM T1597A,B,E Botoman, Ajax Mine, Australia Oblique longitudinal view (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002).

Syringocnema Syringocnema favum TAYLOR paratype SAM T1558 Botoman, Ajax Mine, Australia Detail of syringes in oblique transverse view (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002).

Syringocnema Syringocnema favum TAYLOR holotype SAM T1597A,B,E Botoman, Ajax Mine, Australia Transverse view (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002).

Syringocnema Syringocnema favum TAYLOR holotype SAM T1597A,B,E Botoman, Ajax Mine, Australia Detail of syringes in longitudinal view (outer wall to left) (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002).

Outer wall

• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Subdivided
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Pores grouped into clusters
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Irregular

Inner wall

• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Stipules : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (IW) : Simple
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (IW) : 1
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Poretubes
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : S-shaped
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)

Intervallum

• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Section of intervallar cells : Hexagonal
• Porosity of intervallar cells : Several rows of pores per facet
• Repartition of intervallar cells pores : Same numbers of rows of pores per facet
• Tabulae : none

Others informations

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Thorny corolla : None
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None
• Stratigraphical extension : Botoman
• Botoman : 3
• Geographical repartition : Antarctica ; Australia

Systematic

• Orders : Archaeocyathida
• Suborders inside the Archaeocyathida : Syringocnemina
• Superfamillies inside the Syringocnemina : Syringocnemoidea
• Famillies inside the Syringocnemina : Syringocnemidae

External view

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Poretubes
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : S-shaped
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Irregular
• Thorny corolla : None

Transverse section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Longitudinal section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Poretubes
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : S-shaped
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Oblique section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (IW) : 1
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None ; Present on outer wall (or single wall)
• Type of additional sheath (OW/SW) : Sieve formed by protrusions
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Tangential section

• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Subdivided
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Pores grouped into clusters
• Type of carcass pores (IW) : Simple
• Repartition of bracts on additional sheath (OW/SW) : No bract on additional sheath
• Type of shieve (OW/SW) : Protrusions aren't completely connected
• Repartition of micropores (OW/SW) : Irregular
• Thorny corolla : None
• Section of intervallar cells : Hexagonal
• Porosity of intervallar cells : Several rows of pores per facet
• Repartition of intervallar cells pores : Same numbers of rows of pores per facet