Kruseicnema

Kruseicnema DEBRENNE, GRAVESTOCK& A. ZHURAVLEV, 1990

Specimen-type: Syringocnema gracilis holotype, GORDON, 1920, pl. 4, fig. 43, 46

Systematics:
Order: ARCHAEOCYATHIDA Okulitch, 1935
Suborder: SYRINGOCNEMINA Okulitch, 1935
Superfamily: KRUSEICNEMOIDEA Debrenne & Zhuravlev, 1990
Family: KRUSEICNEMIDAE Debrenne& A. Zhuravlev, 1990

Kruseicnema Kruseicnema gracilis (GORDON) holotype NHM S10412 Botoman, Weddell Sea, Antarctica Oblique longitudinal section (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002).

Kruseicnema Kruseicnema gracilis (GORDON) holotype NHM S10412 Botoman, Weddell Sea, Antarctica Transverse section (DEBRENNE, A. ZHURAVLEV & KRUSE, 2002).

Outer wall

• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Simple
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Straight rows of pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Present
• Perforation of carcass bumps (OW/SW) : Simple
• Direction of carcass bumps perforation (OW/SW) : Central opening
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Additional sheath : None

Inner wall

• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Stipules : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Type of carcass pores (IW) : Simple
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (IW) : 1
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Poretubes
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : S-shaped
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None

Intervallum

• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Section of intervallar cells : Hexagonal
• Porosity of intervallar cells : Several rows of pores per facet
• Repartition of intervallar cells pores : Same numbers of rows of pores per facet
• Tabulae : none

Others informations

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Thorny corolla : None
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None
• Stratigraphical extension : Botoman
• Botoman : 3
• Geographical repartition : Antarctica ; Australia ; South Africa

Systematic

• Orders : Archaeocyathida
• Suborders inside the Archaeocyathida : Syringocnemina
• Superfamillies inside the Syringocnemina : Kruseicnemoidea
• Famillies inside the Syringocnemina : Kruseicnemidae

External view

• Cup shapes : Cylindrical-conical
• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Present
• Perforation of carcass bumps (OW/SW) : Simple
• Direction of carcass bumps perforation (OW/SW) : Central opening
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Poretubes
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : S-shaped
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Additional sheath : None
• Thorny corolla : None

Transverse section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Present
• Perforation of carcass bumps (OW/SW) : Simple
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Additional sheath : None
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Longitudinal section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Type of modularity : Branching by longitudinal subdivisions
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Present
• Perforation of carcass bumps (OW/SW) : Simple
• Direction of carcass bumps perforation (OW/SW) : Central opening
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of carcass external plates (IW) : Poretubes
• Shape of carcass external plates (IW) : S-shaped
• Direction of carcass external plates (IW) : Upwardly projecting
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Oblique section

• Shape of cup bulges : None
• Number of walls : 2
• Structure of outer carcass wall (OW/SW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Structure of inner carcass wall (IW) : Carcass wall well defined
• Habitus : Solitary ; Modular
• Central Cavity (or internal if one wall) : Empty
• Carcass perforations: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Pores
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (OW/SW) : ?
• Carcass bumps: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : Present
• Perforation of carcass bumps (OW/SW) : Simple
• Carcass external plates: outer wall or single wall (OW/SW) : None
• Stipules : None
• Type of morphological tubes (OW/SW) : None
• Carcass perforations: inner wall (IW) : Pores
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and intersept (IW) : 1
• Relationship between rows of carcass pores and tabulae (IW) : No tabula
• Building of carcass perforations (IW) : Without participation of vertical structures
• Carcass external plates: inner carcass wall (IW) : Present
• Type of morphological tubes (IW) : None
• Additional sheath : None
• Thorny corolla : None
• Vertical intervallar structures : None
• Link between vertical intervallar structures : Synapticulae
• Repartition of synapticulae : ?
• Intervallar cells : Present
• Type of Intervallar cells : Syringe
• Tabulae : none
• Chambers : None
• Other aquiferous unit : None

Tangential section

• Type of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Simple
• Size of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Uniform size
• Repartition of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Regular repartition
• Repartition types of carcass pores (OW/SW) : Straight rows of pores
• Type of carcass pores (IW) : Simple
• Thorny corolla : None
• Section of intervallar cells : Hexagonal
• Porosity of intervallar cells : Several rows of pores per facet
• Repartition of intervallar cells pores : Same numbers of rows of pores per facet